Energy-Saving of the Garuda Palace Building: Shaping the New Capital City of Nusantara

Abstract

This research examines the Garuda Palace building of the Presidential Office in the New Capital City of Indonesia, Nusantara. Taking into account the new city regulations, the aim of this study is how to find out the Garuda Palace design could respond to the new Capital City of Indonesia’s concepts: smart, sustainable, and resilient city in line with latest city regulations by being associated with a sustainable design consisting of three fundamental dimensions: environmental, economic, and socio-cultural. The research employs a qualitative method, combining descriptive-interpretative with face-to-face interviews with the sculptor artist and team, alongside direct observation to gather comprehensive data documentary analysis such; as sketch ideas, design concepts, drawing designs, simulated modelling, and copies of videos. The Garuda Palace building is composed of a metal brass louver patterned by abstracting the realist expression of the mythical bird gesture into a geometrical shape and upscaled into superlative dimensions. To meet the smart city concept of the New Capital City, Nusantara, the building must show an energy-saving design procedure. As result, the Garuda Palace design meets energy-saving design by applying a building design model simulations supported by IES-VE software; (a) simulation models of the passive design by adding the louvers, and (b) simulation models to ensures the metal brass louvre does not have a significant impact on the thermal conditions of the external environment. Furthermore, the Garuda Palace architecture design has a dual role, as a symbol of the Indonesian national identity and, as the double skin façade of the presidential building office. Due to the case study approach chosen, the results of the study may lack generalizability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test propositions in further research. The discourse of architects, art sculptors, engineers, and students interested in energy-saving during the composition of building façade designs. The social implications of this research are to encourage appreciation of architectural works oriented toward sustainable architectural design. This paper reveals a part of the process of a new future city of Indonesia represented by the Garuda Palace of the Presidential Office (2024) to show the largest organic shape that meet the energy-saving requirement.