A Study of Changes in User Satisfaction in Metro Stations in Dubai
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70917/fce-2025-035Keywords:
Dubai Metro, user satisfaction, public transportation, accessibility, walkability, urban infrastructure, transit policy, repeated cross-sectional analysisAbstract
Over the past twenty years, rapid urbanization in Dubai has fundamentally changed land use. This has necessitated significant infrastructure development to meet the needs of the growing urban population. Therefore, this study examines changes in public satisfaction with the Dubai Metro between 2010 and 2018. Surveys were conducted at eight strategically selected metro stations, with 400 respondents at each time point, to evaluate six core factors, which are usage, cost, facilities, challenges, contextual integration, and walkability. Statistical analysis, including Chi-square tests, revealed significant shifts across all factors. Daily metro usage increased by over 10%, indicating growing reliance on the system, while perceptions of affordability declined, with twice as many users finding fares expensive in 2018. Satisfaction with station facilities and contextual integration improved substantially, reflecting successful investments in infrastructure and urban planning. However, accessibility and external walkability emerged as growing concerns, underscoring the need for enhanced pedestrian connectivity and inclusive design. The findings offer actionable insights for transport policy and urban development for Dubai and underscore the importance of continuous feedback in shaping public infrastructure.
References
Akyildiz Alçura, G., Kuşakcı Gündoğar, Ş., Tanriverdi, C., Gölbaşi Şimşek, G., & Gürsoy, M. (2021). Impact score technique and SERVQUAL comparison for public transportation service quality. Sigma Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 38(2), 715–726. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/sigma/issue/65153/1004642
Alawadi, K. (2017). Rethinking Dubai's urbanism: Generating sustainable form-based urban design strategies for an integrated neighborhood. Cities, 60, 353–366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.10.012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.10.012
Aora Tech. (2025). Dubai's real-time population statistics May 2025. DXB Interact. https://dxbinteract.com/dubai-population
Cavana, R. Y., Corbett, L. M., & Lo, Y. L. G. (2007). Developing zones of tolerance for managing passenger rail service quality. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 24(1), 7–31. https://doi.org/10.1108/02656710710720303 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/02656710710720303
Celik, E., Aydin, N., & Gumus, A. T. (2014). A multiattribute customer satisfaction evaluation approach for rail transit network: A real case study for Istanbul, Turkey. Transport Policy, 36, 283–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2014.09.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2014.09.005
Delle Donne, D., Santini, A., & Archetti, C. (2025). Integrating public transport in sustainable last-mile delivery: Column generation approaches. European Journal of Operational Research, 324(1), 75–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2024.12.047 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2024.12.047
Devi Prasad, M., & Raja Shekhar, B. (2010). Measuring service quality of Indian Rail passenger services using RAILQUAL model (A study of South Central Railways). In 5th IEEE International Conference on Management of Innovation and Technology (ICMIT2010) (pp. 292–296). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMIT.2010.5492704 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMIT.2010.5492704
Dianawati, F., Hanif, H., & Maiciptaani, L. (2019). Strategy of service quality improvement for commuter line Jabodetabek train using integration methods of SERVQUAL and Kano Model into house of quality. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2194(1). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5139753 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5139753
Dubai Statistics Center. (2012). Metro passengers' trips by station—Red Line (2012–2010). https://www.dsc.gov.ae/Report/DSC_SYB_2012_11%20_%2011.pdf
Dubai Statistics Center. (2018). Metro passengers' trips by station—Red Line (2018–2016). https://www.dsc.gov.ae/Report/DSC_SYB_2018_11%20_%2012.pdf
Eboli, L., Forciniti, C., Mazzulla, G., & Calvo, F. (2016). Exploring the factors that impact on transit use through an ordered probit model: The case of Metro of Madrid. Transportation Research Procedia, 18, 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2016.12.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2016.12.005
Echaniz, E., Ho, C. Q., Rodriguez, A., & dell'Olio, L. (2019). Comparing best-worst and ordered logit approaches for user satisfaction in transit services. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 130, 752–769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2019.10.012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2019.10.012
Elessawy, F. M., & Boom, T. (2017). The boom: Population and urban growth of Dubai City. Horizons in Humanities and Social Sciences: An International Refereed Journal. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317584226 DOI: https://doi.org/10.19089/hhss.v2i2.60
Emirates News Agency—WAM. (2021, March 13). Mohammed bin Rashid launches Dubai 2040 Urban Master Plan. https://www.wam.ae/en/details/1395302917640
Flores, L. C., Ong, A. K. S., Cahigas, M. M. L., Gumasing, M. J. J., & Cedron, C. M. M. (2025). Qatar residents' satisfaction for using the Doha Metro Rail System: An analysis for sustainable transportation. Acta Psychologica, 253, 104780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.104780 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.104780
Gerber, P., El-Geneidy, A., Manaugh, K., & Lord, S. (2020). From workplace attachment to commuter satisfaction before and after a workplace relocation. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 71, 168–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2020.03.022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2020.03.022
Google. (n.d.). Google Earth. https://earth.google.com/web/
Gulf News. (2019, March 2). *589m riders used public transport in Dubai in 2018*. https://gulfnews.com/uae/transport/589m-riders-used-public-transport-in-dubai-in-2018-1.62411692
Macrotrends LLC. (2025). Dubai, UAE metro area population 1950–2025. https://www.macrotrends.net/global-metrics/cities/22635/dubai/population
Mair, F. (2025, February 3). RTA reveals 747 million riders used public transport in 2024. Time Out Dubai. https://www.timeoutdubai.com/news/rta-public-transport-numbers
Mayo, F. L., & Taboada, E. B. (2020). Ranking factors affecting public transport mode choice of commuters in an urban city of a developing country using analytic hierarchy process: The case of Metro Cebu, Philippines. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 4, 100078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2019.100078 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2019.100078
Mohammed, H. (2023, April 23). Dubai Metro hits new milestone with over two billion riders. Government of Dubai Media Office. https://mediaoffice.ae/en/news/2023/April/23-04/Dubai-Metro-hits-new-milestone-with-over-two-billion-riders
Mushtaha, E., Al-Zwaylif, S., Merabti, F., & Hanane, I. (2018). Border vacuum: A study of walkability, liveability and vibrancy around Dubai Mall station. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers—Urban Design and Planning, 171(5), 187–201. https://doi.org/10.1680/jurdp.18.00016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/jurdp.18.00016
Mushtaha, E. S., Nahlé, R., Tahmaz, N., & AlKadry, M. (2019). Designing guidelines for metro stations in developing countries: The case of Dubai. International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development, 7(4), 83–96. https://doi.org/10.14246/irspsd.7.4_83 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14246/irspsd.7.4_83
Naveen, B. R., & Gurtoo, A. (2020). The cause effect relationship model of service quality in relation with overall satisfaction. Transportation Research Procedia, 48, 1694–1721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.208 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.208
Ramli, R., Yaacob, N., & Zainol, R. (2022). Walkability assessment of first mile last mile public transport system of neighbourhood in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Singapore for persons with disabilities: A comparative study. Journal of Design and Built Environment, 22(3), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.22452/jdbe.vol22no3.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22452/jdbe.vol22no3.1
Raosoft Inc. (2004). Sample size calculator by Raosoft, Inc. http://www.raosoft.com/samplesize.html
Rigolon, A., Park, K., Choi, D.-A., & Wang, Y. (2024). Riding transit to parks in Utah: Motivations, constraints, negotiations, and policy recommendations. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 133, 104297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2024.104297 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2024.104297
RTA.ae. (2025). Dubai rail network [Map]. https://uaeexpatriates.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/dubai-metro-map-2025.pdf
Saif, M. A., Zefreh, M. M., & Torok, A. (2019). Public transport accessibility: A literature review. Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering, 47(1), 36–43. https://doi.org/10.3311/PPtr.12072 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3311/PPtr.12072
Saw, Y. Q., Dissanayake, D., Ali, F., & Bentotage, T. (2020). Passenger satisfaction towards metro infrastructures, facilities and services. Transportation Research Procedia, 48, 3980–3995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.290 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.290
Shaaban, K., & Khalil, R. F. (2013). Investigating the customer satisfaction of the bus service in Qatar. Procedia—Social and Behavioral Sciences, 104, 865–874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.11.181 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.11.181
Sinha, S., Shivanand Swamy, H. M., & Modi, K. (2020). User perceptions of public transport service quality. Transportation Research Procedia, 48, 3310–3323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.121 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.121
Tesorero, A. (2023, November 25). Dubai Metro Blue Line: Route, travel time; all you need to know. Khaleej Times. https://www.khaleejtimes.com/life-and-living/public-transport-in-uae/dubai-metro-blue-line-route-capacity-travel-time-all-you-need-to-know
United Arab Emirates Government. (2023, June 14). Dubai 2040 Urban Master Plan. https://u.ae/en/about-the-uae/strategies-initiatives-and-awards/strategies-plans-and-visions/transport-and-infrastructure/dubai-2040-urban-master-plan
Watts, D., Venter, C., & Hayes, G. (2025). Is first mile behaviour similar to last mile behaviour? A case study on a rapid rail system in South Africa. Transportation Planning and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2024.2445647 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2024.2445647
Widiastuti, N. O., & Irawan, M. Z. (2024). Ride-hailing preferences for first- and last-mile connectivity at intercity transit hubs. Sustainability, 16(7), 2927. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072927 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072927
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 2026-10-19 (2)
- 2025-10-09 (1)
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Future Cities and Environment

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.