Mixed-use Design Reform in the Jakarta Metropolitan Transit-Oriented Development Area

Abstract

Urban sprawl in Jakarta Metropolitan area, driven by gentrification, necessitates Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) areas for mixed-use development to reduce private vehicle-dependent commuting, addressing sustainability issues. This development needs to be supported by designs that reflect the commuters' needs and preferences based on the local socio-economic context, but the existing Government's guidelines do not adequately represent this. According to this issue, Response to this issue, this study aims to propose reforms in spatial mixed-use design in the Jakarta Metropolitan TOD area using the Design Thinking method approach to address the commuters' needs and preferences. Based on this approach, data was collected through a survey of 1,697 respondents, followed by observations in four TOD zones scattered across urban and suburban regions in the Jakarta metropolitan area. These data were analyzed using multimethod, consisting of regression, weighting, descriptive and spatial analysis. The study suggests that middle-class working female commuters, with busy social roles, long travel distances, and high expenses, require mixed-use TOD housing. Design priorities include affordability, accessibility, and facility completeness, with Green Open Space as a top priority. The reform focuses to provide affordable rental housing and promote inclusive gender accessibility. These explanations conclude that major reforms are needed for TOD mixed-use design implementation and guideline, focusing on gender inclusive approaches that classified into urban and suburban areas with the largest proportions of GOS.